Research on Key Technologies in Integrated Sensing and Communication Empowered by Computing

The rapidly evolving sixth-generation （6G） telecommunications framework is poised to revolutionize traditional data-centric services. The new protocol is expected to support a novel network ecosystem of ubiquitous intelligent connectivity and usher in a future society characterized by pervasive intelligent services. In this context， the deep integration of three major functions has emerged as the core pathway to construct intelligent 6G networks， including communication， sensing， and computing. However， these functions are interdependent， which tends to result in resource competition across spectrum， energy， and space. Integrated sensing， communication， and computation （ISCC） methods have been developed to achieve an organic unification of environmental sensing， information transmission， and data processing through resource sharing and collaborative optimization to comprehensively enhance the efficiency and intelligence of network systems. In this study， we analyzed the key technologies of ISCC at the physical layer in terms of signal design， including bidirectional approaches based on communication and sensing signals. We also developed a communication-computation fusion mechanism assisted by over-the-air computation as well as collaborative beamforming and waveform optimization for three-function sensing， communication， and computation signals to integrate multiple functions on the same physical resources efficiently. Secondly， with regard to system-level network resource management， we summarize dynamic resource control methods in terms of four dimensions， including spectrum， time slots， space， and computation offloading. We also distinguish between two ISCC resource allocation paradigms referred to as task coexistence and task-oriented allocation， and our results revealed the intrinsic mechanisms of cross-layer collaborative optimization. Finally， we suggest some possible directions for the development of ISCC systems driven by novel transmission paradigms， artificial intelligence， and digital twins. Thus， this work provides a systematic reference to advance ISCC from theory to practical deployment and supports the development of 6G systems to unleash the full potential of intelligent connectivity.