Abstract: Aircraft detection in optical remote sensing image is an important research direction in the field of remote sensing. The existing detection methods are difficult to achieve satisfactory results. Traditional detection methods are low robustness, due to manual feature modeling are difficult and subject to background interference; The deep learning target detection method, which improves the detection performance at the cost of complexity improvement, cannot be widely used in space-borne platforms limited resources. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes an aircraft target deep learning detection method with lightweight and multi-scale features. On the basis of the multi-scale target detection framework(SSD)，the method firstly uses the dense connection structure and the double convolution channel to form the basic backbone network with feature reuse and high computational efficiency. To improve the detection performance of the small aircraft target, the basis backbone network connects a residual module and deconvolution to compose the multi-scale feature fusion detection module. Compared with the current classical deep learning object detection methods, the experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of maintaining low computational complexity and achieving high detection accuracy.