Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of uneven trajectory distribution, nonlinearity trajectory and multi-maneuvering provided by the ship automatic identification system (AIS) equipment. Due to the such it is difficult to accurately determine the position of the ship by using the AIS equipment to assist the sea command system. Based on the traditional Kalman filter theory, a vessel trajectory prediction algorithm is carried out by constructing a polynomial Kalman filter to predict these using latitude and longitude information. The method also solves the data compensation and slower update problem. As the result of simulating the tracking effect, simple and fast as we can conclude, such method can effectively solve the problem of ship trajectory prediction in the actual process and meet the basic effectiveness and accuracy. In this case, relevant maritime department could predict the ship's purpose and behavior by taking such as a reliable auxiliary means.