Conformal array modeling method based on Euler rotation and polarization projection

Conformal array modeling was the basis of researches on conformal array pattern optimization and signal processing. Unlike traditional polarization-sensitive arrays, conformal antenna elements exhibited multi-polarization characteristics due to the curvature of the conformal carrier. In the process of conformal array modeling, not only the spatial steering vector should be considered, but also the polarization vector of the incident signal should be considered at the pole of the array element. This is the focus and difficulty of conformal array modeling. This paper presented three methods for polarization projecting the polarization vector of the incident signal to the polarization pattern of the array element in the global and local coordinate systems by Euler rotation and the modeling theory of conformal array was improved. Then, the complexity of different methods is analyzed, and the generalized signal subspace fitting algorithm is applied to conformal array by global coordinate system polarization projection method. The simulation results show that the method in this paper is consistent with the conformal array model obtained by the polarization projection method of the global polar coordinate system, which verifies the effectiveness of the method, and different methods have their own applicability in different scenarios.