Abstract: The existing modulation identification research for communication signals focused on AWGN, Rayleigh theoretical channels. It is the first time to do the research that aims at the time varying Aeronautical channel in the ultrashort wave frequency band in order to solve the problem of the signal modulation identification in the reality Aeronautical communication circumstance. Firstly we discuss the construction of the Aeronautical channel model and the antenna diversity technique, and then analyze the MPSK signal recognition extracted by the classical higher order statistics algorithm that applied in the different scenarios of Aeronautical channel. The combination of the antenna diversity technique can raise the SNR of the received signal; therefore it makes up the bad influence of Doppler frequency shift and multipath fading in the time varying channel effectively. The simulation result which contrasts the situation before and after the diversity in different flight conditions shows that the new algorithm can be applied in the Aeronautical environment and it has the better anti-fading and anti-noise performance. The utilization of the antenna diversity technique can improves the quality of the received signals and the correct recognition rate of identification obviously.