Abstract:
For arbitrary three-dimensional(3D) spatial angular distribution of received signal, evaluation for spatial correlation of receive antenna array is complicated and always obtained by the numerical integration method early. In this paper, we proposed a fast evaluation scheme of 3D spatial correlation of receive antenna array based on 2D pulse sampling technique in angle domain, which can reduce the complexity significantly. The new method first samples the 3D power azimuth spectrum(PAS) of received signal by 2D sampling pulse with special shapes, and then gets the spatial correlation of different antennas by weighted superposition of spatial correlation coefficient of each sampling pulse. Additionally, we presented a new sampling pulse shape based on minimum mean square error(MMSE) rule and derived its accurate formulation of spatial correlation coefficient as well as approximate one. Simulation and analysis results showed that the maximum error of the proposed method is less than 0.01 while the computation time is far less than numerical integration method and other methods, which can meet the accuracy and real-time demands in channel estimation and antenna array design.