基于探鸟雷达的飞鸟行为模式挖掘方法

Recent A Method for Avian Flight Behavior Pattern Mining Based on Avian Radar Data

  • 摘要: 基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)作为一种软电离质谱技术,在蛋白质、多肽、核酸等大分子的分析中得到了广泛应用。然而,用于MALDI-TOF MS检测所使用的传统基质在低分子量区域存在基质相关峰干扰、基质/分析物共结晶均匀性差等问题,从而干扰低分子量化合物(LMWC)的检测。近年来,研究者针对以上问题开发了多种适于LMWC检测的新型MALDI基质。本文从新型无机材料类基质、有机化合物类基质和其它类型基质(金属有机框为解决传统机场鸟情分析中对鸟类飞行行为意图理解不足的问题,本文提出一种基于探鸟雷达的鸟类飞行行为模式挖掘方法。该方法以机场数字阵探鸟雷达采集的真实鸟类航迹数据为基础,通过构建包含平均速度、平均高度、航迹平直度、水平转弯率均方根及持续时长在内的多维运动学“航迹画像”,并采用一种以最小化样本与质心距离平方和为目标的无监督划分式聚类方法对数据进行模式挖掘。研究结合肘部法则以及Calinski-Harabasz指数等多种客观评估指标,共同确定最优聚类数量为五类。在K=5时,Calinski-Harabasz指数达到峰值10263.09,有力支持了该K值的选择。为进一步验证聚类效果,通过与高斯混合模型进行对比,从定量指标和可视化结果两方面均证明了所选方法的优越性。研究识别出五种具有显著统计学差异的飞行行为模式,分别为:中低空高速通行模式、低空慢速盘旋模式、中低空曲折行进模式、中低空长时滞空模式和高空迁徙/异常模式。结合UMAP(Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection)降维可视化与典型航迹三维重构分析,直观验证了各类行为模式在特征空间中的客观存在性与可分性。本文将鸟情分析从传统的目标识别提升到对飞行意图的理解层面,为机场鸟击风险的精细化评估与智能预警提供了新的视角与技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) is a soft ionization mass spectrometry technology and widely used in the analysis of various molecules such as proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids and polymers, etc. However, the application of MALDI-TOF MS on detection of low molecular weight compounds (LMWC) is limited due to the matrix related peak interference and inhomogeneous crystallization of matrix/analyte. In recent years, a variety of novel matrixes have been developed for detection of LMWC. This paper reviews the matrix of MALDI-TOF MS in recent 10 years from three aspects, including new inorganic material matrix, organic compound matrix and other matrix (metal organic framework, ionic liquid matrix, reactive matrix, etc.) The research progress of determination of LMWC by To address the lack of in-depth understanding of avian behavioral intent in traditional airport bird situation analysis, this paper proposes a method for mining bird behavior patterns based on avian radar. The method is based on real-world bird track data collected by a digital array avian radar. It constructs multi-dimensional kinematic "track profiles" including average speed, average altitude, straightness, root mean square of horizontal turn rate, and duration. An unsupervised partitioning clustering method, which aims to minimize the sum of squared distances from samples to their assigned centroids, is then employed for pattern mining. The optimal number of clusters is determined to be five by combining the Elbow Method and objective evaluation metrics such as the Calinski-Harabasz Index. At K=5, the Calinski-Harabasz Index reached a peak of 10263.09, strongly supporting this choice of K. Furthermore, to validate the clustering effectiveness, a comparison with a Gaussian Mixture Model demonstrated the superiority of the selected method, both quantitatively and visually. The study identified five statistically distinct flight behavior patterns: mid-low altitude high-speed transit, low-altitude slow milling, mid-low altitude meandering movement, mid-low altitude long-duration loitering,and high-altitude migration/anomaly. By combining UMAP(Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) dimensionality reduction visualization with typical 3D trajectory reconstruction analysis, the objective existence and separability of these behavior patterns in the feature space were visually verified. This research elevates bird situation analysis from traditional target identification to an understanding of flight intent, providing a new perspective and technical support for the fine-grained assessment and intelligent early warning of airport bird strike risks.

     

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