智能反射面诱导串扰的特性研究

The Crosstalk Interference Induced by Intelligent Reflecting Surface

  • 摘要: 智能反射面(Intelligent Reflecting Surface, IRS)辅助的无线通信技术是B5G/6G研究的前沿热点之一,它可以智能调控无线传输环境以满足频谱和能效的高要求。IRS基于无源阵列天线,能以可编程的方式实时控制射频信号的定向反射和波束成形。IRS可以通过优化相移参数增加目标用户的接收信号功率,但其对非服务用户和非服务系统存在潜在的干扰增强。此干扰经由跨系统IRS诱导传播,它与传统串扰机制类似,宜称作诱导串扰。本文研究工作在不同频段的多IRS系统之间的诱导串扰问题,包括功率辐射的空间分布、影响串扰强度的技术因素。首先,基于IRS级联信道的数学模型和反射单元的最优相位设计方法,分析系统间串扰的波束增益矩阵,并给出信道模型的计算表达式。接着,推导得到信干比(Signal to Interference Ratio,SIR)与IRS反射信号方位角和仰角的定量关系,并从载波频率、方位角和仰角、反射面单元数量三个方面分析串扰的空间分布特性。最后,通过数值仿真实际观测串扰分布的具体情况,结果发现用户在特定位置之外,IRS辅助系统间的串扰不能被忽略,诱导串扰的增益与系统间的载波频率比值有关。当载波频率比值小于等于1时,可以通过增加反射单元的数量有效抑制串扰;当载波频率比值大于1时,随着载波频率比值的增加,串扰的影响范围变得更加分散。

     

    Abstract: ‍ ‍Intelligent reflecting surface aided wireless communication technology is one of the frontier hotspots in B5G/6G research, which can intelligently shape the electromagnetic wave propagation environment to meet the high spectrum and energy efficiency requirements. IRS is mainly capable of a large number of passive array antennas, which enables real-time programmable control of directional reflection and beamforming of radio frequency signals. When an IRS is placed in a wireless communication system, a properly designed IRS can increase the received signal power of the intended user by optimizing the phase shift parameters, but it has potential interference enhancement to non-serving users and non-serving systems. This kind of interference is induced by cross-system IRS, which is similar to the conventional crosstalk mechanism, and is aptly called crosstalk interference. This paper investigated the crosstalk interference between multiple IRS systems operating in different frequency bands, including the spatial distribution of power radiation of the crosstalk signal and the technical factors that determine the crosstalk intensity. Firstly, based on the mathematical model of IRS cascade channel and the optimal phase design method of reflecting elements in a certain system, the beamforming gain matrix of the crosstalk was analyzed, and the computational expression of the channel model was given. Then, the quantitative relationship between the signal to interference ratio and azimuth and elevation angles of IRS reflecting signal was deduced, and the spatial distribution of crosstalk was analyzed from three aspects: carrier frequency, azimuth and elevation angle, and the number of the number of intelligent reflecting surface elements. Finally, the actual situation of crosstalk interference distribution was observed through numerical simulation. Numerical simulation results show that the crosstalk between IRS aided communication systems should not be ignored unless the user is in a specific location. The beamforming gain of crosstalk interference is related to the carrier frequency ratio between systems. Specifically, when the carrier frequency ratio is less than or equal to 1, the crosstalk interference can be effectively suppressed by increasing the number of intelligent reflecting surface elements; when the carrier frequency ratio is greater than 1, the crosstalk interference is further dispersed as the carrier frequency ratio increases.

     

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