功率监测与SQM融合的GNSS欺骗干扰检测
GNSS Spoofing Detection Based on Power Monitoring Combined with SQM
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摘要: 欺骗干扰严重危害全球卫星导航系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)的安全运行,导致位置、速度和时间信息出现错误。信号质量监测(Signal Quality Monitoring,SQM)方法实施过程简单,检测性能好,受到国内外学者广泛关注。Ratio检测量是SQM的一种经典检测量,其通过检测相关峰异常升高或平缓实现欺骗检测,被普遍应用。所提的功率监测与SQM融合(Power Combined with SQM,PCS)的欺骗检测算法在Ratio检测量的基础上改进,通过对早码、即时码和晚码的相关输出作和差运算,实现跟踪环相关输出信号功率与质量的同时监测,且可消除载波相位误差影响。利用美国得州大学的得州欺骗测试电池(Texas Spoofing Test Battery,TEXBAT)中级欺骗干扰数据集第四条功率匹配干扰数据进行实验分析,实验结果表明,与Ratio检测量和绝对功率监测相比,PCS检测量融合两者优势,检测性能更优;且PCS检测量的输出结果能够更好地体现欺骗干扰引起的信号功率变化,进而反映了干扰实施过程,并实现了更早发现欺骗干扰。Abstract: Spoofing interference seriously jeopardizes the safe operation of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which results in errors in various information about position, velocity and time. Signal quality monitoring (SQM) methods have a simple implementation process and a better detection performance, which has a better detection probability at the same false alarm probability. SQM methods have received extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. Ratio metric is one of the classic Signal Quality Monitoring (SQM) methods, it realizes spoofing detection by detecting whether the correlation peak is distorted. Once the slope of the correlation peak increases or decreases abnormally, the output of the Ratio metric would be changed. Ratio metric is widely used in the field of spoofing detection. In order to detect spoofing, Power combined with Signal Quality Monitoring (PCS) metric we proposed in this paper is improved on the basis of the Ratio metric. By performing the sum and difference operation on the correlation output of the early channel, the prompt channel and the late channel for the tracking loops, the PCS metric can not only monitor the power abnormality of the received signal, but also detect whether the correlation peak is distorted, realizing signal power monitoring and signal quality monitoring of correlation output to the tracking loops at the same time. The output of the PCS metric can also eliminate the influence of the carrier phase error on the detection results. Using the fourth data of the Texas Spoofing Test Battery (TEXBAT) intermediate spoofing data set of the University of Texas to conduct a series of experimental analysis to evaluate performance of PCS metric on intermediate spoofing. The results show that, compared with the Ratio metric and power monitoring, the PCS metric combines the advantages of both, which has better detection performance, and higher detection probability at the same false alarm probability. Moreover, the output value of PCS metric at different moments can better reflect variation of the superposed signal power over time caused by spoofing signal, which in turn reflects the intermediate spoofing implementation process. According to the output value of the PCS at different moments, the PCS metric realizes detect spoofing earlier.