Abstract: ‍ ‍Traditional 2D display devices can only provide flat image display， which cannot enable viewers to obtain an immersive viewing experience. In order to make people understand the world more realistically， the development of display technology from 2D to 3D has become a trend. Computer-generated holographic 3D display can provide the human eyes with all the depth information of the 3D objects， thus is considered as one of the most promising technologies in 3D display. However， the computation of the hologram for 3D object is very huge， so the calculation speed is slow. To realize real-time dynamic computer-generated holographic 3D display， the fast generation technology of computer-generated hologram has received a lot of attention from researchers. In this paper， the basic principle of holographic 3D display technology was introduced firstly based on the scalar diffraction theory. Then， according to the mathematical description forms of the 3D objects， three types of fast hologram calculation methods including point-based method， polygon-based method and layer-based method were introduced respectively. Meanwhile， the applications of hardware acceleration method and deep learning method in fast calculation of hologram were outlined. Finally， all kinds of methods were summarized and prospected.