毫米波大规模MIMO系统中抑制IQ不平衡的广义线性混合预编码方案
Widely-Linear Hybrid Precoding for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO System with IQ Imbalance
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摘要: 毫米波大规模MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)系统的混合预编码在基于理想硬件假设的前提下获得了广泛的研究。然而,在毫米波频段难以避免的硬件非理想特性会导致射频失真的产生,并严重制约系统的性能。本文考虑了毫米波大规模MIMO系统发射机同相和正交(In-phase and Quadrature-phase, IQ)支路不平衡问题,设计了一种基于广义线性实值信号模型的混合预编码方案以抑制IQ不平衡对系统性能的不利影响。该方案利用复-实变换将含有IQ不平衡引起的共轭干扰的接收信号模型转化为广义线性实值信号模型,基于正交匹配追踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, OMP)算法,分别在复数域和实数域迭代设计模拟预编码器和数字预编码器。仿真结果表明,该方案能有效地提高频谱效率和误码性能。Abstract: Based on the assumption of perfect hardware, the hybrid precoding of millimeter-wave massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system has been extensively studied. However, the radio frequency distortion caused by the non-ideal characteristics of the hardware in millimeter-wave band tends to severely restrict the performance of the system. This paper considered the non-ideal characteristics of in-phase (I) branch and quadrature (Q) branch imbalance at the transmitter in millimeter-wave massive MIMO system, and designed a hybrid precoding scheme based on a widely-linear real-valued signal model to suppress the impact of IQ imbalance on system performance. Complex-real transformation was utilized to transform the received signal model containing conjugate interference caused by IQ imbalance into a widely linear real-valued signal model. Based on the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm, the analog precoder and digital precoder were designed iteratively in the complex and real domains respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve spectral efficiency and bit error rate performance.