星载双基地FMCW-SAR高分辨时域成像算法
High Resolution Time Domain Imaging Algorithm for Spaceborne Bistatic FMCW-SAR
-
摘要: 双基地合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)收发天线分置,结构灵活、功能拓展性强;调频连续波(Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave,FMCW)SAR成本低,广泛应用于空/地基SAR平台。将双基地构型与FMCW体制结合,应用于卫星平台,即构成星载双基地FMCW-SAR,兼具上述优势,是未来小卫星SAR星座的可选实现方式。现阶段,对双基地FMCW-SAR高分辨成像的研究多集中于空/地基平台,针对天基平台的研究极少。为此,本文提出了一种适用于星载双基地FMCW-SAR体制的高分辨时域成像处理算法,分析了解线频调(Dechirp)后距离徙动曲线与载荷运动速度的相关性,提出了适用于天基平台的距离徙动曲线定位方法,实现了较传统时域算法更高的处理精度。本文所提方法有效性已通过计算机仿真验证。Abstract: Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has separate transmitting and receiving antennas, which endows the system with flexible structure and strong function expansion. Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW)SAR is widely used in air/ground SAR platform because of its low cost. Combining bistatic configuration with FMCW system, spaceborne bistatic FMCW-SAR is applied to satellite platform, which has both the advantages above and is an optional implementation method for future small satellite SAR constellation. At present, the research on bistatic FMCW-SAR high-resolution imaging mostly focuses on the air/ground platform, while there is few research on the space-based platform. Therefore, this paper proposes a high-resolution time-domain imaging processing algorithm suitable for spaceborne bistatic FMCW-SAR system, analyzes the correlation between the distance migration curve after dechirping and the speed of load movement, and proposes a distance migration curve positioning method suitable for space-based platforms, which achieves higher processing accuracy than the traditional time-domain algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified by computer simulation.