Single-antenna Overlapped ADS-B Signal Self-detection and Separation Algorithm Based on EMD
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摘要: 近年来，广播式自动相关监视（Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast, ADS-B）凭借其优良的监视性能受到了广泛的关注，国际民航组织将其作为主推的新一代空管监视技术。本文针对于ADS-B信号存在的交织问题，提出了一种单天线解交织的方法：通过经验模态分解将单天线接收到的ADS-B交织信号进行自适应分解，结合信号特点估计出信源个数。在此基础上，针对于分解中出现的模态混叠现象采用相空间重构法进行消除，计算重构中分解出的分量与交织信号的相似系数从而组成新的多维信号，最后采用独立分量分析对构成的多维信号进行解交织。本文将经验模态分解应用于单通道ADS-B信号解交织中，实现了交织信号信源个数的自检测，且该方法对交织信号相对时延不敏感。仿真和实采数据结果均表明，该算法可以有效地解决ADS-B交织信号信源个数估计和分离问题。Abstract: In recent years, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast has received extensive attention due to its excellent surveillance performance, and ICAO has made it the new generation of air traffic surveillance technology. Aiming at the overlapping problem of ADS-B signal, a method of overlapped signal processing under single antenna is proposed. The ADS-B overlapped signals received by the single antenna is adaptively decomposed by Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD), and the number of sources is estimated based on the signal characteristics. On this basis, the phase space reconstruction method is used to eliminate the modal mixing phenomenon in the decomposition. In addition, the similarity coefficients between the decomposed components and the overlapped signals are calculated to form a new multidimensional signal, and then the ADS-B signal is processed by Independent Component Analysis(ICA). In this paper, the Empirical Mode Decomposition is applied to process overlapped signals, which realizes the self-detection of the number of overlapped signal sources, and the method is not sensitive to the relative delay of the overlapped signals. The results of simulation and data acquisition show that the algorithm can effectively solve the problem of source number estimation and separation of ADS-B overlapped signals.
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