利用双天线相位差的ADS-B欺骗式干扰检测方法

An ADS-B Spoofing Detection Method Based on Double Antenna Phase Difference

  • 摘要: 广播式自动相关监视技术相比于传统监视系统具有定位精度高、更新速率快和设备成本低等优点,受到国际民航组织的大力推广。但由于其共享开放式的特点使得系统容易受到各种欺骗式干扰的影响,严重威胁空中交通安全。本文提出了一种利用双天线相位差进行欺骗式干扰检测的方法:对同一信源广播的一组位置消息,首先根据其广播内容计算一组表征目标相对于接收机方向变化的量;其次根据双天线之间的相位差计算一组同样表征此方向变化的量;最后通过两组变量的相关系数判别真实目标和欺骗干扰。此外,针对与空中真实目标ICAO地址相同的虚假ADS-B消息可能导致的误检测,我们也提出了信源一致性检测方法。本文方法不需要估计信号来向,对天线的幅相误差稳健,仿真实验和实测数据均验证了方法的有效性。

     

    Abstract: Compared with traditional surveillance system, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system has the advantages of a high positioning accuracy, fast update rate, and low equipment cost, and thus has been vigorously promoted by the International Civil Aviation Organization. But because of its open and sharing features, the system is vulnerable to various spoofing attack which seriously threatens air traffic safety. In this paper, we propose a spoofing attack detection method using phase difference between the double antenna : for a sequence of Airborne Position Message claimed by same source, firstly, we can calculate a group of variables to indicate the directional change based on its broadcast content; secondly, we can use the phase difference to compute another group of variables as the reflection of the directional change; finally, we calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient of the two groups of variables to determine whether the target is a real aircraft or a ghost one. Inaddition, considering the false ADS-B messages that are the same as the airborne real target ICAO addresses may result in false detections, we propose a source consistency detection method. Compared with other methods, this method does not need to estimate the direction of the signal, and it is robust to the amplitude and phase error of the array, and the simulation experiments and practical data have verified the effectiveness of the method.

     

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