循环平稳输入频域自适应滤波器性能分析
Performance Analysis of Frequency-Domain Adaptive Filter for Cyclostationary Inputs
-
摘要: 频域自适应滤波器(Frequency-Domain Adaptive Filter, FDAF)因计算效率高和收敛速度快,在音频信号处理中得到了广泛使用。现有对FDAF算法性能的分析通常建立在输入信号为平稳随机过程的假设基础上。本文在系统辨识框架下,研究了循环平稳输入条件下无约束和有约束FDAF算法的均值收敛性与均方收敛性能。循环平稳输入信号被建模为功率随时间周期性变化的随机过程,且不限制输入信号的分布为高斯性或白噪声。首先,通过将频域滤波器系数映射回时域,给出了FDAF算法在时域的等效描述。其次,基于权重误差向量的演化关系,推导了瞬态均方偏差(Mean-Square Deviation, MSD)和额外均方误差(Excess Mean-Square Error, EMSE)的递推公式。随后结合一阶周期矩阵差分方程理论给出了算法收敛的条件,并推导了FDAF算法在稳态时的MSD和EMSE解析表达式。理论分析表明,在循环平稳输入下,FDAF算法的稳态MSD和EMSE均呈现周期性波动,且其波动周期受滤波器长度和输入信号统计特性周期的影响。最后,通过一系列计算机仿真和实测数据验证了本文所推导理论模型的准确性。Abstract: The Frequency-Domain Adaptive Filter (FDAF) is widely used in audio signal processing owing to its high computational efficiency and fast convergence speed. Existing performance analyses of FDAF are generally based on the assumption that the input signal is a wide-sense stationary random process. This paper examines the mean and mean-square convergence properties of both unconstrained and constrained FDAF algorithms for cyclostationary input within the framework of system identification. The cyclostationary input signal is modeled as a random process with periodically time-varying power, without restricting the input distribution to be Gaussian or white. First, by transforming the filter coefficients from the frequency domain back to the time domain, time-domain equivalent of the FDAF algorithm is presented. Based on the evolution of the weight-error vector, recursive formulas for the transient mean-square deviation (MSD) and excess mean-square error (EMSE) are derived. Second, using the theory of first-order periodic matrix difference equations, the convergence conditions of the algorithm are established, and closed-form expressions for the steady-state MSD and EMSE are further obtained. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the steady-state MSD and EMSE of the FDAF algorithm exhibit periodic fluctuation, whose period is determined by the filter length and period of the power variation of the input signal. Finally, the derived theoretical model is rigorously validated through a sequence of numerical simulations and comparisons with measurement data.