基于自适应层次图池化的脑电情绪识别

EEG-Based Emotion Recognition Using Adaptive Hierarchical Graph Pooling

  • 摘要: 近年来,图神经网络因其出色的空间拓扑能力,在脑电情绪识别领域表现突出。然而许多方法只考虑了脑电通道间的连接,忽略了大脑区域间的功能性联系。图神经网络通常依赖线性变换来更新节点,如果直接将原始脑电信号作为输入,容易导致模型过拟合。虽然使用手工提取的特征可以减轻这一问题,但这也限制了对信息的全面提取。针对当前图相关算法在脑电情绪识别领域的局限性,本文提出一种基于自适应层次图池化技术的端到端脑电情绪识别算法。首先,设计一个自适应图生成模块,采用数据驱动的方法,能够自动生成与情绪识别任务密切相关的图邻接矩阵,对脑电信号的空间信息进行有效建模。随后,为了更准确地提取关键通道或脑区的时域脑电信号特征,本文进一步提出时域层次图池化模块,在识别时域信号特征的同时,融合图节点的相关特征。最后,该模块通过对脑电通道的层层池化,提炼出更有代表性的区域特征,并动态更新各区域之间的功能连接,从而实现对脑电信号的深度特征提取和有效表示。为了验证所提出的自适应层次图池化模型的有效性,本文在两个广泛使用的公共脑电情绪数据集DEAP和MAHNOB-HCI上开展实验,结果表明所提出的自适应层次图池化模型在性能上显著优于其他最先进的深度学习方法和传统机器学习方法。

     

    Abstract: ‍ ‍In recent years, graph neural networks have shown outstanding performance in the field of electroencephalography (EEG) emotion recognition, owing to their excellent spatial topology abilities. However, many methods only consider the connections between EEG channels and ignore the functional connections between brain regions. Graph neural networks typically rely on linear transformations to update nodes, and directly using original EEG signals as input can easily lead to the overfitting of the model. Although manually extracted features can alleviate this problem, they also limit the comprehensive extraction of information. In response to the limitations of current graph related algorithms in the field of EEG emotion recognition, this paper proposes an end-to-end EEG emotion recognition algorithm based on adaptive hierarchical graph pooling technology. First, an adaptive graph generation module that adopts a data-driven approach to automatically generate graph adjacency matrices closely related to emotion recognition tasks is designed to effectively model the spatial information of EEG signals. In addition, to more accurately extract the time-domain EEG signal features of key channels or brain regions, this study further proposes a time-domain hierarchical graph pooling module that combines the relevant features of graph nodes while identifying time-domain signal features. This module extracts more representative regional features through the layer-by-layer pooling of EEG channels and dynamically updates the functional connections between regions, thereby achieving deep feature extraction and the effective representation of EEG signals. Experiments were conducted on two widely used public EEG emotion datasets, namely, DEAP and MAHNOB-HCI, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive hierarchical graph pooling model. The results showed that the proposed adaptive hierarchical graph pooling model significantly outperformed other state-of-the-art deep learning and traditional machine learning methods in terms of performance.

     

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